The Step Pyramid
The Step Pyramid
The internal structure of the pyramid sustained significant damage during the earthquake of 1992. Consequently, restoration efforts commenced in 2006 and continued for a duration of 14 years, facing numerous challenges along the way. In 2011, the restoration was temporarily halted due to the revolution; however, the site is now accessible to visitors and tourists from around the globe.
The Step Pyramid of King Djoser, located at Saqqara, is regarded as one of the most significant attractions in Cairo, and perhaps in all of Egypt. This remarkable structure illustrates the evolution of pyramid construction techniques. It represents the first pyramid built in Egypt, and although it does not possess the smooth sides characteristic of the Giza Pyramids, the Bent Pyramid, or the Red Pyramid of Dahshur, it remains a pivotal architectural achievement.
The Step Pyramid complex located at Saqqara represents the world's first significant cut-stone structure, characterized by its six superimposed steps. The architect of Pharaoh Djoser opted to stack multiple structures to enhance the monument's grandeur, resulting in a height of 203 feet.
A prominent figure in discussions regarding Djoser's Step Pyramid is Jean-Philippe Lauer, a French archaeologist renowned for his restoration and reconstruction efforts on the complex's damaged sections.
Notably, the pyramid temple is situated on the north side of the pyramid, a departure from the typical east-side placement observed in subsequent pyramid complexes. Surrounding the Step Pyramid is a limestone wall, standing 10.5 meters high, referred to as the palace façade, which mimics the appearance of bundled reeds. The overall design is reminiscent of mudbrick construction. This wall features 14 false doors, with only one genuine entrance located at the south corner of the east façade, designated for the living. The remaining doors serve as false doors intended for the king's use in the afterlife.
Upon entering, one encounters a roofed colonnade passageway with a limestone ceiling constructed from whole tree trunks, leading to a grand hall that features a stone representation of two open doors. This hall contains twenty pairs of limestone columns designed to resemble bundles of plant stems, reaching a height of 6.6 meters. The columns are not free-standing; rather, they are affixed to wall projections. Small chambers flanking the hall are believed to represent the provinces of Upper and Lower Egypt. At the end of the colonnade lies the transverse hypostyle hall, which consists of eight columns linked in pairs by limestone blocks. Inside this area, curved stones are thought to serve as markers related to the Heb-sed festival, a significant ritual performed by Egyptian kings to renew their authority after 30 years of reign. We extend a warm welcome to you in this blessed land of Egypt, facilitated by our skilled and prepared guides.
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